## Forestry ##

This tutorial introduces the standard workflow of **CHM Segmentation** to extract **tree location**, **tree height**, **crown diameter**, **crown area** and **tree boundaries** from ALS (Airborne Laser Scanning) point cloud data. ALS **Point Cloud Segmentation** to extract **tree location**, **tree height**, **crown diameter**, **crown area** and **crown volume**. **Extract DBH** and **tree location**, **tree height** in batch from TLS (Terrestrial Laser Scanning) point cloud data.

### Steps ###

There are two individual tree segmentation methods in LiDAR360 for ALS point cloud data: CHM segmentation and Point Cloud Segmentation.
#### ALS CHM Segmentation ####

1. Click ***File > Data > [Add Data](../ToolReference/ProjectTools/AddData.md)*** to open data.
2. Click ***Data Management > Point Cloud Tools > [Remove Outliers](../ToolReference/DataManagement/PointCloudTools/OutlierRemoval.md)*** to perform outliers removal on point cloud data to remove noise influences.
3. Click ***Classify > [Classify Ground Points](../ToolReference/Classify/ClassifyGroundPoints.md)*** to separate ground points from point clouds for DEM generation.
4. Click ***Terrain > [DEM](../ToolReference/Terrain/DEM.md)*** to generate Digital Elevation Model (DEM) based on ground points.
5. Click ***Terrain > [DSM](../ToolReference/Terrain/DSM.md)*** to generate Digital Surface Model (DSM).
6. Click ***Terrain > [CHM](../ToolReference/Terrain/CHM.md)*** to generate Canopy Height Model (CHM).
7. Click ***ALS Forest > Segmentation > [CHM Segmentation](../ToolReference/ALSForest/CHMSegmentation.md)*** to perform CHM segmentation to obtain individual tree location, tree height, crown diameter and crown area in a comma-separated csv file and a shp file which includes the crown boundary of individual tree.
8. [**View CHM segmentation results**](../ToolReference/ALSForest/ViewtheCHMSegmentationResults.md).
9. Click ***File > Data > [Add Data](../ToolReference/ProjectTools/AddData.md)*** to import point cloud data into LiDAR360, and click ***ALS Forest > Batch Process > [Canopy Height Model(CHM) Segmentation](../ToolReference/ALSForest/ForCHMSegmentation.md)***, this function contains automated workflows for CHM Segmentation and the prerequisites it entails, including Remove Outliers, Classify Ground Points, DSM Generation, DEM Generation, CHM Generation and CHM Segmentation processing.

#### ALS Point Cloud Segmentation ####

1. Click ***File > Data > [Add Data](../ToolReference/ProjectTools/AddData.md)*** to open data.
2. Click ***Data Management > Point Cloud Tools > [Remove Outliers](../ToolReference/DataManagement/PointCloudTools/OutlierRemoval.md)*** to perform outliers removal on point cloud data to remove noise influences.
3. Click ***Classify > [Classify Ground Points](../ToolReference/Classify/ClassifyGroundPoints.md)*** to separate ground points from point clouds for DEM generation.
4. Click ***Terrain > [DEM](../ToolReference/Terrain/DEM.md)*** to generate Digital Elevation Model (DEM) based on ground points.
5. Click ***Data Management > Point Cloud Tools > [Normalize by DEM](../ToolReference/DataManagement/PointCloudTools/Normalization.md)*** to generate normalized point cloud data.
6. You can use the normalized point cloud for single tree segmentation directly or single seed segmentation based on seed points.

    (1) Click ***ALS Forest > Segmentation > [Point Cloud Segmentation](../ToolReference/ALSForest/PointCloudSegmentation.md)*** to perform point cloud segmentation to obtain individual tree location, tree height, crown diameter, crown area and crown volume in a comma-separated csv file.

    (2) Click ***ALS Forest > Segmentation > [Point Cloud Segmentation from Seed Points](../ToolReference/ALSForest/PCSwithSeeds.md)*** to perform point cloud segmentation based on seed to obtain individual tree location, tree height, crown diameter, crown area and crown volume in a comma-separated csv file. There are two methods for seed file generation.
  - Click ***ALS Forest > Segmentation > [Generate Seed Points from CHM](../ToolReference/ALSForest/GenerateSeedbyCHM.md)*** to generate seed points file by CHM.
  - Click ***ALS Forest > Segmentation > [Generate Seeds from Layer Stacking](../ToolReference/ALSForest/GenerateSeedbyLayerStacking.md)*** to generate seed points file by layer stacking. 
7. [**View point cloud segmentation results**](../ToolReference/ALSForest/ViewthePointCloudSegmentationResults.md).
8.  **[ALS Editor](../ToolReference/ALSForest/ALSEditor.md)** tools can be used for editing operations such as add, delete seed points etc., and segment the point cloud data based on the edited seed points.
9. Click ***File > Data > [Add Data](../ToolReference/ProjectTools/AddData.md)*** to import point cloud data into LiDAR360, and click ***ALS Forest > Batch Process > [Point Cloud Segmentation](../ToolReference/ALSForest/ForPointCloudSegmentation.md)***, this function contains automated workflows for point cloud Segmentation and the prerequisites it entails, including Remove Outliers, Classify Ground Points, DEM Generation, Normalize by DEM and Point Cloud Segmentation processing.

#### TLS DBH Extraction & Point Cloud Segmentation ####

1. Click ***File > Data > [Add Data](../ToolReference/ProjectTools/AddData.md)*** to load a terrestrial point cloud data file.
2. Click ***Data Management > Point Cloud Tools > [Remove Outliers](../ToolReference/DataManagement/PointCloudTools/OutlierRemoval.md)*** to perform outliers removal on point cloud data to remove noise influences.
3. Click ***TLS Forest > [Filter Ground Points](../ToolReference/TLSForest/FilterGroundPoints.md)*** to classify ground points.
4. Click ***Terrain > [DEM](../ToolReference/Terrain/DEM.md)*** to generate Digital Elevation Model (DEM) based on ground points.
5. Click ***Data Management > Point Cloud Tools > [Normalize by DEM](../ToolReference/DataManagement/PointCloudTools/Normalization.md)*** to generate normalized point cloud data.
6. Click ***TLS Forest > [TLS Editor](../ToolReference/TLSForest/TLSEditor.md)***, select the point cloud data of multiple trees’ DBH location, and then fitting the DBH in batch using [**Batch Extraction DBH**](../ToolReference/TLSForest/TLSEditor.md#1) function of the TLS Editor toolbar. 
7. If you want to get the tree height, crown diameter, crown area and crown volume from TLS point cloud data, click ***TLS Forest > [Point Cloud Segmentation](../ToolReference/TLSForest/PointCloudSegmentation.md)*** or ***TLS Forest > [Point Cloud Segmentation from Seed Points](../ToolReference/TLSForest/PCSwithSeeds.md)***. 
8. **[View point cloud segmentation results](../ToolReference/TLSForest/ViewPointCloudSegmentationResults.md)**.

### Tutorial Videos ###

1. <a href="https://youtu.be/23Q0BHdbR8Q" target="view-window">LiDAR360 Tree Segmentation</a>
2. <a href="https://youtu.be/wIBE3suS43I" target="view-window">LiDAR360 ALS Forestry Module</a> 
3. <a href="https://youtu.be/0OE8SAZN9rA" target="view-window">LiDAR360 TLS Forestry Module</a>